The safety aspect of vertical crater retreat mining has been of concern, and was the focus of a provincial inquiry. The benefits in improved safety are demonstrated through an analysis of various records kept by the mines and provincial agencies. Future trends can now be envisaged, particularly in relation to deep mining.
Mining Exploration Session 3.Professor Kazem Oraee
Vertical Crater Retreat Mining In The Sudbury Basi. Faced with rising costs and lower metal prices several ontario base metal sulphide mines have changed their method of mining to vertical crater retreat mining this is a bulk mining method that utilises large diameter holes and mines successive cuts remotely by blasting and cratering the bottom of the drill holes the orebody is mined
· Shrinkage and Vertical Crater Retreat Stoping 1. Hassan Z. Harraz [email protected] 2014- 2015 This material is intended for use in lectures, presentations and as handouts to students, and is provided in Power point format so as to allow customization for the individual needs of course instructors.
Excavation Design and Mining Methods in the 1100 Ore Body, Mount Isa Mine, Australia. ... Vertical Crater Retreat: An important New Mining Method. Crater Blasting Method Applied to Pillar Recovery at Falconbridge Nickel Mines, Ltd.
· In other countries, deep hole mining is widely used due to its high efficiency and safety . This approach, specifically the Vertical Crater Retreat (VCR) mining method, was introduced in China in the 1980s. After decades of development, the VCR method has become the epitome of efficient and safe mining.
Mining methods at Mufulira mine The current mining methods used at Mufulira mine are variants of Mechanized continuous retreat (2015). These mining methods (figures 2.1and 2.2) are essentially variants of sublevel open stoping method with delayed hanging wall cave referred to as Mechanized continuous retreat 1 (MCR1)
Vertcial crater retreat is a comparatively new method of blasthole mining in which only large diamter ITH holes are used to blast down horizontal slices of ore into an opening below the block of ore being mined. The method on the ''cratering'' effect of an explosive charge being …
· Mining Exploration Session 3.Professor Kazem Oraee
Shrinkage and Vertical Crater Retreat Stoping 1. Hassan Z. Harraz [email protected] 2014- 2015 This material is intended for use in lectures, presentations and as handouts to students, and is provided in Power point format so as to allow customization for the individual needs of course instructors.
Transcribed image text: Question 1 Draw a diagram and use it to describe the development and production cycle of operations of shrinkage stoping mining method in hard rock. Indicated the type of drilling and hauling equipment used in the operation Question 2 Draw a diagram and use it to describe the development and production cycle of operations of Vertical Crater Retreat (VCR) mining Method ...
Domestic and foreign researchers have conducted numerous studies on mining methods and the stability of stopes [2, 3]. At present, the mining methods of metal ore bodies include continuous mining technology, filling mining t echnology, VCR (Vertical Crater Retreat Method) technology, and caving mining technology [4-6].
Vertical Crater Retreat is compared to other open stoping methods. Various geotechnical factors have been considered including the effects of stress concentration, jointing, dynamic stresses superimposed by blasting vibrations, amount of development required and shrinkage draw. All these factors favour a VCR method in a deep mining environment.
A 4-year study was conducted of the rock mechanics aspects of two underground hard-rock mine study stopes: (1) Anaconda Minerals Company''s Carr Fork Mine near Tooele, Utah, and (2) Homestake Mining Company''s Homestake Mine in Lead, South Dakota. Large-diameter (6 1/2-in) blastholes were an integral part of the stoping method at each mine. A true vertical crater retreat (VCR) method was used at
The mining methods used include Vertical Crater Retreat ("VCR"), Sub-Level Caving ("SLC"), and Longitudinal Room and Pillar ("RAP"). Average underground production for the last five years is 3.4 million tonnes per annum ("Mtpa") of ore at 1.94 %Cu and 0.12 %Co.
vertical crater retreat mining (VCR), strip mining and novel extraction methods such as hydraulic mining and borehole mining. Moreover, underground methods such as longwall may be performed in the retreat or advance mode and the ground control may be performed by caving or filling. Therefore choices in the mining method selection process are
Eagle Mine215 Кб. This method provides the cost advantages of bulk mining, while maintaining a degree of selectivity and operational flexibility. The majority of the stopes will be mined as transverse bench and fill stopes, with some thinner thickness zones of the orebody mined as longitudinal retreat …
12.4 Underground mining method •Vertical crater retreat (VCR) stoping-Applied to the cases where conventional shrink stopingis feasible although narrow orebodywidth (< 3 m) may not be tractable, or to the cases where sublevel development is difficult or impossible.-Use of long and subverticalblast holes eliminates the need for entry of
Longitudinal retreat mining method samatourfr vertical crater retreat mining method vertical crater retreat stoping as applied at the homestake 28 jul 2012 therefore the feasibility of applying the vcr stoping method at the homestake mine was explored vertical crater retreat stoping is a recent innovation in largescale underground mining.
There are several methods for bulk underground mining, the most common being block caving, long hole open stoping, sublevel open stoping, sublevel caving and vertical-crater-retreat. 2.2.1 Block Caving Block caving is a large-scale production technique applicable to homogeneous ore bodies of large dimensions and most commonly steep to vertical ...
Crater retreat stoping. ... a system of underground mining using large rooms for extracting multiple levels simultaneously of a vertical or steeply inclined ore vein. Strip mining (Open cast mining) ... a method of stope mining that allows extraction of vertical deposits that are surrounded by competent rock mass (rock that can support itself) ...
Domestic and foreign researchers have conducted numerous studies on mining methods and the stability of stopes [2, 3]. At present, the mining methods of metal ore bodies include continuous mining technology, filling mining technology, VCR (Vertical Crater Retreat Method) technology, and caving mining technology [4-6].
In Canada in 1975, mining company INCO developed a mining method based on Livingston''s cratering theory. This method is called vertical crater retreat (VCR) or vertical retreat mining (VRM) method. VCR method has been an established mining method …
VRM/ VCR: Vertical retreat mining (VRM) also known as Vertical crater retreat (VCR) is a method where mine is divided in vertical zones [clarification needed] with depth of about 50 meters using open stoping, bottom-up mining.
Crater Blasting. Crater blasting is a method of blasting used in an underground mining method called Vertical Crater Retreat (VCR). Explosive charges are placed in large diameter holes and fired. The concentrated, "spherical" charge is positioned at a specified distance from the horizontal free surface underneath and the detonation creates ...
Underground Mining Methods and Applications FIGURE 1.3 Post room-and-pillar mining mined out Numbers indicate sequence of extraction FIGURE 1.4 Step-room mining of inclined orebody Deposits with large vertical heights are mined in slices. Mining starts at …
· DROP RAISING - INTRODUCTION Special method of charging of Explosives and blasting is done in stages from bottom level for excavation in slices. The charging and blasting of the holes is based on Vertical Crater Retreat (VCR) method. The raise is driven either vertically or with steeply inclined dip. Mucking of blasted material done from lower ...
The variant is known as the vertical crater retreat (VCR) mining method. It was invented by mining engineers working in the nickel mines in Canada. The company, INCO or International Nickel Company as it was known, obtained a patent on the method, and until the patent expired near the end of the 20th century, INCO had exclusive use of this new ...
· Vertical crater retreat mining in the Sudbury Basin. Min. Sci. Technol., 13: 131-143. Faced with rising costs and lower metal prices, several Ontario base metal sulphide mines have changed their method of mining to vertical crater retreat mining. This is a bulk mining method that utilizes large diameter holes and mines successive cuts remotely ...
· Because the land requisition and demolishing became difficult more and more, the mining scheme of Luohe iron mine was changed from caving method to filling method. In order to ensure the safety of the residence and the underground tunnel cavern within the mobile belt of the underground mining, the Luohe iron mine did the blasting test on the vertical crater retreat mining method …
